mutatii genomice:poliploidie,aneuploidie(autozomale:sindromul down,sindromul patau,sindromul eduards si heterozomale:trisomie x,sindrom klinefelter,sindrom turner)
mutatii genice:heterozomale:hemofilia,daltonismul,miopatia duchenne,hairy pinna ,calvitia si autozomale:polidactilie,sindactilie,prognatism,brahidactilie,albinism
mutatii cromozomale:maladia ''cri du chat''(tipatul pisicii)